If you are someone who finds genuine satisfaction in seeing others understand something they did not understand before, who enjoys breaking down complex ideas into simpler ones, or who is drawn to working with young people and helping them grow, education is a field worth exploring seriously. And it is far broader than most students realise.
The obvious entry point is classroom teaching, but the education sector contains dozens of distinct roles covering everything from psychology and therapy to leadership, technology, policy and research. This guide covers 20 of them, with honest information about what each role actually involves, what it pays and how to get there.
Many students who are drawn to education assume their only option is becoming a teacher. In reality the sector includes therapists, psychologists, researchers, curriculum designers, edtech professionals, careers advisers, educational welfare officers and many more. If you are interested in supporting young people's development but are not sure classroom teaching is right for you, there is almost certainly a role on this list that fits better.
The 20 careers
Secondary School Teacher
Plans and delivers lessons in a specialist subject to students aged 11 to 18. Assesses progress, provides feedback, manages behaviour and works as part of a wider school team. One of the most demanding and rewarding roles in the public sector. The impact a good secondary teacher has on students' academic and personal development is significant and lasting.
Entry routes include a three or four year undergraduate degree in your subject followed by a PGCE, or a School Direct or Teach First programme. Salary increases with experience and responsibility, and leadership roles are well compensated.
Primary School Teacher
Teaches all or most subjects to children aged 4 to 11. Responsible for the academic, social and emotional development of a class of children across the school year. Requires patience, creativity and strong classroom management. Primary teaching is particularly suited to people who enjoy working with younger children and want to shape foundational learning experiences.
Special Educational Needs (SEN) Teacher
Works with students who have learning difficulties, disabilities or additional needs, often in specialist settings or as part of an inclusion team within a mainstream school. Requires strong knowledge of different learning needs including autism, dyslexia, ADHD and physical disabilities, and the ability to adapt teaching methods significantly. One of the most impactful and emotionally rewarding roles in education.
Teaching Assistant
Supports teachers and individual students in the classroom, often working closely with pupils who need additional help. Higher Level Teaching Assistants take on more responsibility including delivering lessons. A common entry point into education for people who want to work in schools without yet committing to a teaching degree, and a valuable route for those considering teacher training.
Educational Psychologist
Assesses children and young people with learning, behavioural or emotional difficulties and provides recommendations to schools, families and local authorities. Works on individual casework and contributes to school-wide strategies. One of the most highly qualified roles in this list, requiring a psychology degree, postgraduate conversion if needed, and a doctoral programme in educational psychology. Highly competitive to enter but extremely well regarded.
Speech and Language Therapist
Assesses and treats children and adults with communication difficulties, including speech disorders, language delay, stammering and swallowing problems. Many SaLTs work in schools supporting children with communication needs. Requires a degree accredited by the Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists and HCPC registration.
School Counsellor or Pastoral Support Worker
Provides emotional and mental health support to students within a school setting. Works with young people experiencing anxiety, family difficulties, bereavement, relationship problems and other challenges affecting their wellbeing and ability to engage with learning. Demand for this role has grown significantly in recent years as awareness of young people's mental health needs has increased.
Careers Adviser
Provides guidance to young people and adults about career options, education pathways and employment. Works in schools, colleges, universities and employment services. The role combines knowledge of the labour market, educational pathways and individual guidance skills. Qualification through the Career Development Institute is the professional standard.
Lecturer or Further Education Teacher
Teaches vocational or academic subjects in colleges, sixth forms or adult education settings to students aged 16 and above. Further education teaching has a different character from secondary school teaching: students choose to be there, the relationship is more collegiate and the range of students by age and background is wider. Entry requirements vary significantly by subject and institution.
University Lecturer or Academic
Teaches undergraduate and postgraduate students and conducts research in a specialist field. Academic careers require a doctorate and a publication record, and progression is typically through research output as well as teaching. A highly competitive career path that suits people who are deeply passionate about a specific subject and want to advance knowledge in it.
Private Tutor
Works one-to-one or in small groups with students to support their learning in specific subjects, typically outside school hours. Can be self-employed and set your own hours and rates. Many professional tutors build sustainable businesses working across GCSE, A-Level and primary age groups. Subject expertise, communication skills and the ability to identify and address gaps quickly are the core requirements.
Head of Year or Pastoral Leader
Manages the pastoral care and wellbeing of a year group within a school. Deals with attendance, behaviour, safeguarding concerns, parental communication and student support. A leadership role that requires strong people skills, emotional resilience and good judgment under pressure. Usually reached after several years of classroom teaching.
School Librarian or Learning Resource Manager
Manages the school library, curates resources, supports students with research skills and promotes reading for pleasure. Increasingly involves digital literacy and information skills teaching alongside the traditional library role. A quieter, resource-focused role that suits people who love books and learning but prefer a different type of student interaction to the classroom.
Curriculum Designer or Instructional Designer
Develops educational content, courses and learning materials for schools, edtech companies, training providers or online platforms. Combines subject expertise with an understanding of how people learn. A growing field as digital learning has expanded significantly. Many curriculum designers work remotely for edtech firms, publishers or training organisations.
Edtech Professional
Works within educational technology companies developing, selling or implementing digital learning tools used by schools, colleges and universities. Roles include product development, customer success, sales, marketing and content. A growing sector that rewards people who understand both education and technology. Many roles are accessible without a teaching background.
Education Policy Adviser
Works in government, think tanks, charities or consultancies to develop, analyse and advocate for education policy. Influences how schools are funded, how curriculum is designed and how educational outcomes are measured. Typically requires a strong academic background, research skills and significant experience in or around education.
Early Years Practitioner or Nursery Manager
Works with children from birth to age five, supporting their early development across communication, physical development, social skills and early literacy and numeracy. Nursery managers oversee the running of a setting including staff, curriculum and safeguarding. A vocational route that can lead to degree-level early childhood education qualifications and leadership roles.
Educational Welfare Officer
Works with families and schools to address persistent absence, safeguarding concerns and barriers to attendance and engagement. Investigates the reasons behind poor attendance, liaises with social services and other agencies, and supports families to address underlying issues. A role that sits at the boundary of education and social work.
School Business Manager
Manages the non-teaching functions of a school: finance, HR, premises, IT and administration. A senior operational role that is increasingly recognised as essential to well-run schools. Does not require a teaching background and suits people with business, finance or operations experience who want to work in an educational environment.
Headteacher or School Principal
Leads a school in its entirety: vision and strategy, staff leadership, curriculum oversight, financial management, community engagement and regulatory compliance. The most senior leadership role in a school and one of the most complex leadership positions in any sector. Typically reached after many years of teaching and middle or senior leadership experience.
What most of these careers have in common
The thread running through almost every career on this list is a genuine interest in how people learn, develop and grow. It is not enough to like children or to enjoy a subject. The most effective people in education tend to be those who are genuinely curious about the process of learning itself, who find satisfaction in identifying what is blocking someone's progress and working out how to address it, and who have the patience to stay alongside someone through difficulty rather than moving on when things are not quick.
Voluntary experience working with young people is valuable for almost every route on this list, whether that is tutoring a younger student, volunteering at a youth group or holiday programme, helping at a sports club or drama group, or doing Duke of Edinburgh. These experiences teach you more about working with young people than any classroom course, and they provide the specific examples universities and employers will ask for at interview.
If education is a direction you are considering, the summer is a genuinely good time to start. Find somewhere to volunteer, offer to tutor someone in a subject you are strong in, or simply spend time in a setting that involves young people and notice what you learn about yourself in the process. That information is more useful than any list of careers.